How Italy actually makes its electricity50 Hz · 380 kV · Seven sources · Two islands

Section 03 of 05

Wind & Solar

The south, the ridges, and what intermittent means. Capacity concentrated where the weather is, demand concentrated where it is not. These pieces cover siting, capacity factor, and what intermittency does and does not mean.

Aerial view of solar panels covering rooftops amid dense urban buildings with terracotta roofs
Irradiance is highest where demand is lowest. The distance between the two is a network problem before it is a generation one.Photo: K / Pexels

5 pieces in this section

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  • The South Carries the Sun

    Solar capacity concentrated where the irradiance is, and a demand centre several hundred kilometres north. The geographic mismatch that shapes the whole network question.

    By Owen Petrie · Wind & Solar · 6 min read
  • Wind Lives on the Ridges

    Where Italian wind is sited and why — terrain, access and grid connection — and what capacity factor actually means for a ridge site.

    By Silvia Marchetti · Wind & Solar · 5 min read
  • Intermittent Is Not the Same as Unreliable

    The distinction the argument usually collapses: forecastable variation against unplanned outage. What each demands of the rest of the system.

    By Marta Ferretti · Wind & Solar · 7 min read
  • The Evening Is the Hard Part

    Solar output ends before demand does. What covers the ramp, and why storage and gas are answering the same question.

    By Daniel Kroll · Wind & Solar · 3 min read
  • Rooftop Against Field

    Distributed generation versus utility scale — different economics, different grid consequences, different land arguments.

    By Chiara Bassani · Wind & Solar · 4 min read