How Italy actually makes its electricity50 Hz · 380 kV · Seven sources · Two islands

Section 04 of 05

Gas & Coal

What runs at four in the morning, and what is closing. The dispatchable half of the system: what follows demand, what is closing, and what covers the hours when nothing renewable is available.

Lightning strikes behind two illuminated power plant smokestacks against a purple night sky
Low demand, no sun, and whatever wind there is: the hour that shows what a system actually runs on.Photo: Mehmet Orak / Pexels

4 pieces in this section

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  • Four in the Morning

    The hour that tests a grid: no sun, low wind, low demand but not zero. What is actually running, and why that answer is the honest measure of a transition.

    By Owen Petrie · Gas & Coal · 6 min read
  • Phasing Out the Coal Stations

    The closure programme described factually — which stations, what replaced them, and what a converted or demolished site becomes.

    By Silvia Marchetti · Gas & Coal · 7 min read
  • Gas Is the Swing

    Combined-cycle plant as the thing that follows demand. Ramp rates, part-load efficiency and why flexibility has a cost of its own.

    By Marta Ferretti · Gas & Coal · 3 min read
  • Capacity Is Not Energy

    The most common confusion in every energy argument: what a gigawatt of installed capacity does and does not tell you about kilowatt-hours delivered.

    By Daniel Kroll · Gas & Coal · 3 min read